PharmD Course Descriptions

This course introduces Biblical principles with a spiritual basis and practical approach to contemporary patient care settings. This course also instills the teaching of various Christian values such as love, caring, justice, respect and compassion, in providing direct patient care through the study of various Biblical concepts.

The course will discuss the principles of professional behavior, ethical issues in patient care and teamwork, conflicts of interest, delivery of patient-centered care, and end-of-life care from a contemporary perspective. The course will also introduce California state Board of Pharmacy regulations.
*Prerequisite: AS 716.

This course will introduce students to the historical evolution of pharmacy practice in the United States, services within various medication use systems, and the basic principles of patient care in different pharmacy practice settings including community and hospital. The course will also introduce roles of the pharmacists in public health, medication-patient safety, and medication therapy management. In addition, organizational and economic aspects of healthcare delivery will be discussed.
*Prerequisite: None.

This course continues to introduce Biblical principles with a spiritual basis and practical approach to contemporary patient care settings. This course also instills the teaching of various Christian values from the Old Testament such as love, caring, justice, respect and compassion, in providing direct patient care through the study of various Biblical concepts.
*Prerequisite: AS 716.

This course is designed to introduce the concepts and principles of interpersonal and professional communication and the strategies for effective communication with patients and other healthcare providers. Communication skills that will be covered in this course include: motivational interviewing, listening, nonverbal communication, addressing patients’ needs and preferences, and assertive communication. In addition, the role of health literacy, cultural influences on communication of health information is explored.
*Prerequisite: None.

This course introduces Biblical principles and concepts with a spiritual basis and practical approach to contemporary ethical and moral issues. This course instills the teaching of various Christian ethical and moral values as illustrated in the Old Testament to provide direct patient care and practice in the current healthcare environment.

*Prerequisite: AS 726.

This course is to introduce the statistical concepts and research design to students so that they can make evidence-based decisions in pharmacy practice. The statistical concepts include types of variables, levels of measurement, statistical distributions, descriptive statistics, hypothesis testing, statistical power, confidence interval, sample size, inferential statistical testing such as parametric and non-parametric. This course also covers various methodologies and their applications in study design. In addition, student will learn to estimate risks and odds in clinical trials; and as well as different approaches to review evidence-based scientific literature. *Prerequisite: CS 712.

This course introduces Biblical principles with a spiritual basis and practical approach to contemporary leadership, entrepreneurship and resource management. This course also instills the teaching of various Christian values as illustrated in the Bible, in providing knowledge, skill and attitude of leadership, entrepreneurship and resource management in the current healthcare environment. *Prerequisite: AS 737.

This interprofessional course is a continuation of Medical Illustration I which will introduce pharmacy and nursing students to art as a form of visual communication. The focus will be on the fundamentals and theory of drawing techniques with techniques especially on anatomical objects. The course will enable students to apply a unique mix of skill in project management, understanding of science and breaking medical technologies. Students will develop communication and teamwork skills essential for functioning as a member of an interprofessional team. *Prerequisite: PS 744.

This course introduces Biblical principles from the New Testament Bible with a spiritual basis and practical approach to contemporary patient care settings including acute illness, chronic diseases, death & end-of-life care. This course also instills the teaching of various Christian values such as spiritmind-body connection, grace, mercy, prayer, compassion and spiritual gifts in providing direct patient care through the study of various Biblical concepts. *Prerequisite: None.

This course is designed to introduce students to the basic principles of public health with an emphasis on health promotion and disease prevention with an emphasis on the role of pharmacists in public health. Students will learn area of epidemiology, determinants of health, and how the epidemiology of diseases differs based on race, gender, and geography. This course also teaches the students to advocate for patients and the profession in health care policy.
*Prerequisite: AS 745.

Students will learn about practice management in different settings. Additionally, students will learn the essentials for practice settings that include operations, human resources, finances, marketing, logistics, risk management, and development of innovative pharmacy care services. The course will also focus on managerial responsibilities in the health care settings. *Prerequisite: AS 912, CS 724.

The course series will introduce pharmacy as a ministry of the healing arts and sciences, with a spiritual basis to the approach of contemporary patient care. Also covered are various Christian values, including love and compassion, in providing direct patient care through the study of Biblical principles. The fruits of the spirit will be discussed to empower inter-professional practice. *Prerequisite: AS 856.

This course provides an overview of current state and federal laws that substantially impact the competent delivery of pharmacy care and services in community, interprofessional, ambulatory/clinic, inpatient, administrative, and other key practice settings. Standards, guidelines, rules, requirements, practices, and policies relating to maintaining/improving patient safety and consumer protection are also provided. The laws and professional practice standards of the state of California are emphasized. *Prerequisite: AS 711, CS 724.

These courses will explain the principles of behavior and ethics dealing with individual conflict of interest, delivery of patientcentered care, and teamwork relevant to contemporary pharmacy practice from a Biblical perspective. *Prerequisite:AS 856.

This interprofessional education course for pharmacy and nursing students presents an exploration of psychosocial concepts, cultural, and environmental factors relative to professional attitudes, behaviors and dispositions. It is directed toward development of self-awareness, professional responsibility, teamwork, and leadership qualities for functioning as a member of an interprofessional team.
*Prerequisite: AS 711, AS 736.

These courses will develop skills for pharmacy practice leadership, resource management (including operational and managerial issues), and teamwork relevant to contemporary pharmacy practice from a Biblical perspective.
*Prerequisite: AS 875.

This course introduces students to the basic concepts, terminology, and applications of pharmacoeconomics and its usefulness in making informed decision in health care. Students will learn types of outcome evaluation and outcome measures, the appropriate uses and applicability of cost-ofillness, cost-minimization, cost-effectiveness, cost-benefit, costutility, and decision analyses. Emphasis is placed upon the reading, interpretation, and critical evaluation of different types of published pharmacoeconomic studies in the medical literature. *Prerequisite: AS 745.

This course will introduce the fundamental concepts of the Pharmacist Patient Care Process (PPCP) and systematic approach to drug information and literature evaluations. Students will learn how to respond to medication and health information requests systematically and the information retrieval processes. The commonly used drug information resources that are available both in print and electronically will be discussed. Students will begin learning general information about the top 200 medications. The student will build basic understanding of evidence-based medicine, fundamentals of
evaluating primary literature and types of studies that are available. This course will use active learning strategies using group projects to help students learn important drug information and literature evaluation skills. *Prerequisite: None.

This course discusses the concept of self-care and provides an in-depth review of conditions that are self‐treatable with overthe-counter (OTC) products including nonprescription medications, non-pharmacological therapies, complimentary and natural medicines. This course will provide students with the knowledge and skills to assess patients to assist with proper product selection, and to provide counseling and recommendations regarding self-care inquiries. Appropriate written documentation of findings and patient encounters using SOAP note format as well as laws that govern nonprescription therapy will be introduced. The course will also examine the role of pharmacists in public health through pharmacy-based health education, health promotion, and disease prevention in community pharmacy practice.
*Prerequisite: CS 712, CS 723, CS 736.

This course provides an overview of the roles and responsibilities of a pharmacist in general and in various practice settings that involves dispensing, distribution and administration. This course provides knowledge about preparation and dispensing of prescriptions, development and maintenance of patient medication profiles, identification and prevention of medication errors. The importance of
leadership and professional development in these processes will be discussed. *Prerequisite: CS 712, AS 723.

This course will introduce students to the use of technology for organizing, analyzing, and managing information in health care settings. Students will get a better understanding of the
roles of pharmacists in implementation, maintenance and use of informatics in the hospital settings (e.g. Electronic Health Record [EHR], Computerized Prescriber Order Entry [CPOE], and Barcode Medication Administration [BCMA]). Patient safety as well as benefits and current constraints of these systems will be explored. Systems in place to maintain confidentiality of health information in accordance with federal policies will also be discussed. *Prerequisite: AS 723.

This interprofessional education course introduces pharmacy and nursing students to methods for obtaining a comprehensive patient history, basic assessment techniques, medical terminology, and how to recognize abnormal findings, and how to triage and refer patients. This course will help students develop communication and teamwork skills essential for functioning as a member of an interprofessional
team. *Prerequisite: CS 713.

This course horizontally integrates pathophysiology, medicinal chemistry, pharmacology, clinical pharmacokinetics, and pharmacotherapeutics concepts related to fluid and electrolyte imbalance and hematological disorders. Through this integrated approach of learning, students will be able to apply knowledge of the basic sciences and clinical sciences to the management of patients with a fluid and electrolyte imbalance or hematological disorder. The laboratory section of the course will involve recitation with case discussions. *Prerequisite: PS 742, PS 743.

This course horizontally integrates pathophysiology, medicinal chemistry, pharmacology, clinical pharmacokinetics, and pharmacotherapeutics concepts related to cardiovascular diseases. The pathophysiology of a particular disease condition will be discussed, followed by the respective drugs or drug classes emphasizing structure-activity relationship, mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacological actions on various organ systems, toxicity profiles, contraindications, and drug-drug interactions. Pharmacotherapeutics will be taught in a sequential and integrative manner to link concepts of medicinal chemistry coupled with the pharmacology of the drugs used in the corresponding disease. Through this integrated approach of learning, students will be able to apply knowledge of the basic sciences and clinical sciences to the management of patients with a cardiovascular disease. The laboratory section of the course will involve recitation with case discussions.
*Prerequisite: PS 742, PS 743.

This course horizontally integrates pathophysiology, medicinal chemistry, pharmacology, clinical pharmacokinetics, and pharmacotherapeutics concepts related to pulmonary and nephrology diseases. The pathophysiology of specific disease conditions will be discussed, followed by the respective drugs or drug classes emphasizing structure-activity relationship, mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacological actions on various organ systems, toxicity profiles, contraindications, and drug-drug interactions. Pharmacotherapeutics will be taught in a sequential and integrative manner to link concepts of medicinal chemistry coupled with the pharmacology of the drugs used in the corresponding disease. Through this integrated approach of learning, students will be able to apply knowledge of the basic sciences and clinical sciences to the management of patients with pulmonary and/or nephrology disease. The laboratory section of the course will involve recitation with case discussions. *Prerequisite: PS 742, PS 743.

This course horizontally integrates pathophysiology, medicinal chemistry, pharmacology, clinical pharmacokinetics, and pharmacotherapeutics concepts related to gastroenterological or endocrinological disorders. The pathophysiology of specific disease conditions will be discussed, followed by the respective drugs or drug classes emphasizing structure-activity relationship, mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacological actions on various organ systems, toxicity profiles, contraindications, and drug-drug interactions. Pharmacotherapeutics will be taught in a sequential and integrative manner to link concepts of medicinal chemistry coupled with the pharmacology of the drugs used in the corresponding disease. Through this integrated approach of learning, students will be able to apply knowledge of the basic sciences and clinical sciences to the management of patients with a gastroenterological or endocrinological disease. The laboratory section of the course
will involve recitation with case discussions. *Prerequisite: PS 742, PS 743.

This course horizontally integrates pathophysiology, medicinal chemistry, pharmacology, clinical pharmacokinetics, and pharmacotherapeutics concepts related to neurologic and psychiatric conditions. The pathophysiology of specific disease conditions will be discussed, followed by the respective drugs or drug classes emphasizing structure-activity relationship, mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacological actions on various organ systems, toxicity profiles, contraindications, and drug-drug interactions. Pharmacotherapeutics will be taught in a sequential and
integrative manner to link concepts of medicinal chemistry coupled with the pharmacology of the drugs used in the corresponding disease. Through this integrated approach of learning, students will be able to apply knowledge of the basic sciences and clinical sciences to the management of patients with a neurologic and/or psychiatric condition. The laboratory section of the course will involve recitation with case discussions. *Prerequisite: PS 742, PS 743.

This course is a continuation of the Integrated Pharmacotherapy series with a focus on therapies for infectious diseases. This course horizontally integrates pathophysiology, medicinal chemistry, pharmacology, clinical pharmacokinetics, and pharmacotherapeutics concepts related to infectious diseases. The pathophysiology of specific disease conditions will be discussed, followed by the
respective drugs or drug classes emphasizing structure-activity relationship, mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacological actions on various organ systems, toxicity
profiles, contraindications, and drug-drug interactions. Pharmacotherapeutics will be taught in a sequential and integrative manner to link concepts of medicinal chemistry
coupled with the pharmacology of the drugs used in the corresponding disease. Through this integrated approach of learning, students will be able to apply knowledge of the basic
sciences and clinical sciences to the management of patients with infectious diseases. The laboratory section of the course will involve recitation with case discussions. *Prerequisite: PS
742, PS 743.

This course horizontally integrates pathophysiology, medicinal chemistry, pharmacology, clinical pharmacokinetics, and pharmacotherapeutics concepts related to oncology and nutrition support. The pathophysiology of specific disease conditions will be discussed, followed by the respective drugs or drug classes emphasizing structure-activity relationship, mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacological actions on various organ systems, toxicity profiles, contraindications, and drug-drug interactions. Pharmacotherapeutics will be taught in a sequential and integrative manner to link concepts of medicinal chemistry coupled with the pharmacology of the drugs used in the corresponding disease. Through this integrated approach of learning, students will be able to apply knowledge of the basic sciences and clinical sciences to the management of patients with oncology and/or requiring nutrition support. The laboratory section of the course will involve recitation with case discussions. *Prerequisite: PS 742, PS 743.

This course horizontally integrates pathophysiology, medicinal chemistry, pharmacology, clinical pharmacokinetics, and pharmacotherapeutics concepts related to urologic conditions and reproductive system. The pathophysiology of specific disease conditions will be discussed, followed by the respective drugs or drug classes emphasizing structure-activity relationship, mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacological actions on various organ systems, toxicity profiles, contraindications, and drug-drug interactions. Pharmacotherapeutics will be taught in a sequential and
integrative manner to link concepts of medicinal chemistry coupled with the pharmacology of the drugs used in the corresponding disease. Through this integrated approach of learning, students will be able to apply knowledge of the basic sciences and clinical sciences to the management of patients with urologic or reproductive dysfunction/conditions. The laboratory section of the course will involve recitation with case discussions. *Prerequisite: PS 742, PS 743.

These are elective courses that will enable the student to further develop areas of professional interest, to expand their understanding of professional opportunities, and to achieve the outcomes of the curriculum. Elective courses offered include but are not limited to: Advanced Topics (in various pharmacy/pharmacotherapy fields), Biotechnology, Independent Research Study, Nuclear Pharmacy, Advanced
Practice Management, Patient Advocacy, Pharmacy Leadership, Industrial Pharmacy, Introduction to Drug Development, Grant Writing, Special Issues in Clinical Research. *Prerequisite: None.

This course horizontally integrates pathophysiology, medicinal chemistry, pharmacology, clinical pharmacokinetics, and pharmacotherapeutics concepts related to for dermatologic and rheumatologic conditions. The pathophysiology of specific disease conditions will be discussed, followed by the respective drugs or drug classes emphasizing structure-activity relationship, mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacological actions on various organ systems, toxicity profiles, contraindications, and drug-drug interactions. Pharmacotherapeutics will be taught in a sequential and integrative manner to link concepts of medicinal chemistry coupled with the pharmacology of the drugs used in the corresponding disease. Through this integrated approach of learning, students will be able to apply knowledge of the basic sciences and clinical sciences to the management of patients with dermatologic and rheumatologic conditions. The laboratory section of the course will involve recitation with case discussions. *Prerequisite: PS 742, PS 743.

This course will provide a review of selected materials encompassing the learning objectives from the didactic years. Students will further refine skills, apply knowledge, and demonstrate the attitudes and values of a healthcare professional. Students also engage in a variety of active learning strategies including Objective Structured Clinical Exam (OSCE) where knowledge, skills, attitudes, and values are assessed and student readiness for Advanced Pharmacy Practice Experiences (APPEs) is evaluated. *Prerequisite: PS 715, CS 713, CC 852, CS 861, CS 862.

The Introductory Pharmacy Practice Experience in Community Pharmacy provides students with hands-on experience in contemporary practice models under the guidance and supervision of a licensed pharmacist. Students will be introduced to the practical aspects of community pharmacy including, but not limited to: prescription processing, preparation/filling of medications, patient consultation,
immunization, inventory control, pharmacy operations and management, and compliance with regulatory requirements. Within this practice setting, students will also observe and practice professional ethics and behaviors. *Prerequisite: AS 736, PS 715, CS 712.

The Introductory Pharmacy Practice Experience in Hospital Pharmacy settings provides students with hands-on experience in contemporary practice models in hospital settings under the guidance and supervision of a licensed pharmacist. Students will be introduced to hospital practice and the roles of pharmacists in the hospital. Within this practice, students will participate in accurate medication order processing, demonstrate knowledge in unit dose and intravenous admixture systems, sterile IV medication compounding, medication procurement, medication distribution systems, monitoring of drug therapy, and medication safety. Students will also learn the role of organizations such as The Joint Commission (TJC) and regulatory agencies such as State Board of Pharmacy, Pharmacy and Therapeutics (P&T) Committee, and IT infrastructure including automated dispensing systems, electronic medical record, and computerized prescriber order entry. *Prerequisite: EE 746.

The Introductory Pharmacy Practice Experience in Ambulatory Care provides students with hands-on experience in contemporary practice models in ambulatory care pharmacy settings under the guidance and supervision of a licensed pharmacist. Unlike IPPE I Community, IPPE III Ambulatory Care will have an emphasis on management of patients. Students will obtain patient medication histories, assess the
appropriateness of medication regimens, and identify drugrelated problem for common chronic diseases. Students will utilize the Pharmacists’ Patient Care Process to develop care plan for an assigned patient to provide a continuity of care. Students will learn to empower patients to manage their disease by educating them the importance of health, immunization, wellness, and disease prevention. *Prerequisite: EE 746

The Introductory Pharmacy Practice Experience in Transitions of Care provides students with hands-on experience in transitional care in pharmacy settings such as hospital or outpatient settings under the supervision of a licensed pharmacist. Students will assist in transitioning a patient from one setting to another by conducting medication reconciliation, obtaining medication use behavior and history to assess medication adherence, identifying high-risk medications, and ensuring patient follows up with their primary care provider. Students will ensure patients have access to medications and continuity of care by conducting follow-up telephone calls to discharged patients. Students will also design materials to patients in a comprehensible manner to communicate with patients with low health literacy.
*Prerequisite: EE 746

This course will provide students with advanced pharmacy practice experiences towards achieving competency in the acute care and inpatient/general medicine setting. The course integrates, reinforces, and applies the knowledge, skills, attitudes and values developed in the didactic, IPPEs, and cocurricular activities. Students will be expected to utilize their skills and abilities to provide effective and appropriate patientcentered care. Students will be exposed to patients with a variety of disease states during the rotation. Students will actively engage in direct patient care activities such as obtaining and recording patient medication history, developing and updating patient therapeutic plans, monitoring lab values, and assessing for drug interactions and adverse drug reactions, and attend rounds as a member of the interprofessional team. *Prerequisite: EE 746, EE 855, EE 865, EE 874.

This course builds on the knowledge, skills, attitudes and values developed in the didactic, IPPEs, and co-curricular activities. Students will be provided with advanced experience towards competency in health systems or institutional pharmacy practice, including management, system use, and direct patient care. The Students will engage in activities including processing and dispensing of medication orders, performing dosage conversion and pharmacokinetic dosing of medications, conducting antibiotic stewardship, evaluating drug therapy, retrieving and evaluating drug information, consulting with physicians and other healthcare providers, and attending P & T committee meetings. Students will also be exposed to formulary management, monograph preparation, in-service activities, inventory management, therapeutic substitutions, or regulatory affairs audit support. *Prerequisite: EE 746, EE 855, EE 865, EE 874.

This course will provide students with advanced experience towards competency in pharmacist-provided care in ambulatory care settings and working with diverse patient populations. Students will actively participate in the management of common chronic diseases such as chronic heart failure, hypertension, dyslipidemia, anticoagulation and pulmonary diseases (asthma and COPD) in a general or specialized outpatient setting. Students will be expected to utilize knowledge, skills, and abilities learned in prior courses to collect patient-specific information, evaluate and monitor drug therapy appropriateness, develop patient specific care plans, implement, follow up and educate patients or caregivers, and collaborate with other healthcare professionals where applicable. *Prerequisite: EE 746, EE 855, EE 865, EE 874.

This course will provide students with advanced experience toward competency in the community pharmacy setting. Students will have opportunities to integrate and apply knowledge and skills acquired through didactic, IPPEs, and cocurricular experiences in various patient-centered activities. Students will develop critical thinking and decision-making skills while engaging in pharmacy operations, advanced patient-care services, and patient focused dispensing functions. These activities will focus on obtaining patient medical history, performing drug regimen reviews and evaluating therapy adherence, counseling patients on appropriate self-care products, delivering immunizations, developing patient care plans with follow-up, and providing education to patients and other healthcare professionals. This course will allow students to explore expanding roles of community pharmacists and prepare them to begin practice upon graduation. *Prerequisite: EE 746, EE 855, EE 865, EE 874.

This elective course will provide students the opportunity to further develop experience in areas of professional interest, to expand their understanding of professional opportunities, and to achieve the outcomes of the curriculum. Elective clerkships may include, but are not limited to, areas focused on academia, administration, community outreach, pharmacy entrepreneurship, international practice, long-term care, managed care, nuclear pharmacy, professional organizations, and research. Students may also choose to elect a clerkship in acute care and ambulatory care. *Prerequisite: EE 746, EE 855, EE 865, EE 874.

This elective course will provide students the opportunity to further develop experience in areas of professional interest, to expand their understanding of professional opportunities, and to achieve the outcomes of the curriculum. Elective clerkships may include, but are not limited to, areas focused on academia, administration, community outreach, pharmacy entrepreneurship, international practice, long-term care, managed care, nuclear pharmacy, professional organizations, and research. Students may also choose to elect a clerkship in acute care and ambulatory care. *Prerequisite: EE 746, EE 855, EE 865, EE 874.

These are elective courses that will enable the student to further develop areas of professional interest, to expand their understanding of professional opportunities, and to achieve the outcomes of the curriculum. Elective courses offered include but are not limited to: Advanced Topics (in various pharmacy/pharmacotherapy fields), Biotechnology, Independent Research Study, Nuclear Pharmacy, Advanced
Practice Management, Patient Advocacy, Pharmacy Leadership, Industrial Pharmacy, Introduction to Drug Development, Grant Writing, Special Issues in Clinical Research. *Prerequisite: None.

These are elective courses that will enable the student to further develop areas of professional interest, to expand their understanding of professional opportunities, and to achieve the outcomes of the curriculum. Elective courses offered include but are not limited to: Advanced Topics (in various pharmacy/pharmacotherapy fields), Biotechnology, Independent Research Study, Nuclear Pharmacy, Advanced
Practice Management, Patient Advocacy, Pharmacy Leadership, Industrial Pharmacy, Introduction to Drug Development, Grant Writing, Special Issues in Clinical Research. *Prerequisite: None.

This course provides students with a review of functional groups, their properties and function in important biological molecules and drug substances. The structure, physical and chemical properties, biological functions, applicable kinetics, and the metabolic fate of molecules essential to life will be covered with an emphasis on application to pharmaceutical, medical and clinical uses. The laboratory component of the course will provide students ‘hands-on’ experience with contemporary research equipment and techniques for making biochemical measurements, which are also commonly employed in clinical chemistry. *Prerequisite: None.

Students will be taught to perform accurate compounding and dosage calculations for solid and liquid dosage forms, injectable medications, and extemporaneously compounded prescription products to ensure the safety and efficacy of patients’ therapy. *Prerequisite: None.

This course introduces the students to genetic basis for disease and drug action, the genetic basis for alterations of drug metabolism (e.g., poor vs normal metabolizers) and transport, and genetic basis for individualized drug doses and/or change to the drug of choice based on genetic test. The course discusses the role of pharmacogenomics in the development of diseases of high socioeconomical impact and in the pharmacotherapeutic efficacy of drugs used in these diseases. *Prerequisite: PS 731, PS 742.

This course will discuss the physicochemical properties of drugs and excipients used in the formulation and delivery of various dosage forms. This course will also include discussion of critical factors (for ex: stability, dissolution, degradation etc.) which have an impact on the biopharmaceutics, pharmacokinetics and pharmacotherapy of drugs and dosage forms. This course includes the fundamental
knowledge of pharmaceutical dosage forms that will be useful in future requisite courses like pharmacotherapeutics and pharmacokinetics. The laboratory component will provide students with a hands-on opportunity to apply classroom knowledge. *Prerequisite: PS 715.

This course describes the concepts of crude drugs, semipurified, and purified natural products and variability of occurrence of pharmacologically active substances in natural products. The course will enable students to conceptualize the functional role of dietary supplements and alternative medical treatments in modern day medicine. *Prerequisite: PS 714, PS 743.

This course provides a fundamental background of the human immune system and medical microbiology. The topics covered include bacterial, viral, and fungal pathogens and parasites; composition and function of the human immune system; responses of the immune system to pathogens and parasites, injury and disease; disorders of the immune system; tumor immunology; transplant rejection; and clinical
application of immunology including therapeutic antibodies, vaccines, and diagnostic tools.*Prerequisite: PS 714.

This course is an introduction to basic principles of in vivo drug kinetics (linear and nonlinear) including: principles of bioavailability/bioequivalence, physiologic determinates of drug onset and duration, drug, disease, and dietary influences on absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion and the pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic. *Prerequisite: PS 722, PS 742.

This course discusses the drug policy in US Pharmacopoeia guidance on compounding and FDA Compliance Policy Guidelines including techniques and principles used to prepare and dispense individual extemporaneous non-sterile and sterile preparations. The laboratory component will provide students with the opportunity to apply classroom knowledge. *Prerequisite: PS 715, PS 722.

This course is designed to teach pharmacy students the principles of pathophysiological concepts and clinical practice guidelines for disease states and their interpretation in the clinical setting. This course emphasizes the pathological changes of the organ and cellular physiology which necessitates pharmacist intervention. The course examines the molecular, cellular, tissue, and organ-level basis of the pathophysiological changes leading to human diseases. *Prerequisite: PS 714, PS 731.

This course will provide students with the foundational scientific knowledge pertaining to drug action. The conceptual understanding of the pharmacodynamic principles, receptor theory, drug-receptor interactions, drug metabolism, principles of drug toxicity and drug-drug interaction will form the basis of understanding of patient-directed therapeutic approaches that will be covered in subsequent Integrated Therapeutic course series. Students will also be introduced to the basis of the autonomic nervous system and pharmacology of autonomic drugs. *Prerequisite: PS 714, PS 741, PS 743.

This interprofessional education course introduces pharmacy and nursing students to foundational drawing methods, how to use art as a form of communication, how to develop imagination and creativity, and find the relationship between art, science, and God. Students will study figurative art, and its strong references to the real world and human figure, anatomical art, which shows the interior of the body with context in the background, and medical illustration, which shows the interior of the body without context. This course is also designated to help foster empathy and appreciation for
patient-centered care. Students will also learn communication and teamwork skills essential for functioning as a member of an interprofessional team. *Prerequisite: None

The Introduction to Medicinal Chemistry course introduces foundational concepts in medicinal chemistry leading to students understanding of drug structure-activity relationships, physiochemical properties related to drug action, drug-target interactions, chemical aspects of drug metabolism, and medicinal chemistry of autonomic drugs.*Prerequisite: PS 714.